Synergistic enhancement of hydraulic endodontic cement via zinc-enriched mesoporous bioactive glass integration

Objective: To develop an innovative hydraulic bioceramic (HB) formulation by incorporating zinc-functionalized mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG-Zn) into a commercial calcium silicate-based cement (ProRoot MTA White), aiming to enhance bioactivity, accelerate setting kinetics, and improve clinical performance. Methods: A modified cement (MTA-MBG-Zn) was processed by blending MTA with 15 wt% MBG-7.5Zn. The physicochemical properties, including crystalline…