{"id":23782,"date":"2026-01-31T23:59:40","date_gmt":"2026-01-31T22:59:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/icmsva.vallealto.es\/?articulos_sci=water-resistant-hybrid-perovskite-solar-cell-drop-triboelectric-energy-harvester"},"modified":"2026-04-14T11:41:48","modified_gmt":"2026-04-14T09:41:48","slug":"water-resistant-hybrid-perovskite-solar-cell-drop-triboelectric-energy-harvester","status":"publish","type":"articulos_sci","link":"https:\/\/icmsva.vallealto.es\/?articulos_sci=water-resistant-hybrid-perovskite-solar-cell-drop-triboelectric-energy-harvester","title":{"rendered":"Water-resistant hybrid perovskite solar cell &#8211; drop triboelectric energy harvester"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/icmsva.vallealto.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Water-resistant-hybrid-perovskite-solar-cell-dro-1.png\" alt=\"Water-resistant hybrid perovskite solar cell - drop triboelectric energy harvester\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>Hybrid energy-harvesting systems that combine perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with drop-driven triboelectric nanogenerators (D-TENGs) offer a compelling solution for continuous power generation under diverse weather conditions. Yet, the inherent vulnerability of halide perovskites to moisture and environmental stressors remains a critical barrier to their widespread deployment. To overcome this bottleneck, we introduce plasma-deposited fluorinated polymers (CFx) films as multifunctional encapsulation layers that simultaneously provide water resistance, triboelectric functionality, and optical transparency (&gt;90 %). Plasma deposition enables conformal, room temperature, and solvent-free coating of complex surfaces, ensuring uniform protection without compromising photovoltaic performance. After encapsulation of PSCs with CFx films, power conversion efficiency remained virtually unchanged, and champion cells preserved a PCE of 17.9 %. More importantly, the devices exhibited high environmental stability, retaining over 50 % of their initial PCE for 10 days under high humidity and temperature. Furthermore, CFx layers enabled Spiro-OMeTAD compatibility with commercial UV-curable resins, leading to a thin-film hybrid PSC\/D-TENG device capable of simultaneous solar and rain energy harvesting. This device maintained 80 % of its initial performance after 300 h of continuous illumination under humid conditions and demonstrated stability under continuous dripping and illumination for more than 5 h. We demonstrated that optimizing the chemical composition of CFx layers significantly enhances their triboelectric performance. In standalone operation, the optimized CFx-based D-TENG, enriched with 36.4 % of (CF2 + CF3) functional species, delivered open-circuit voltage peaks up to 110 V and a maximum power density of similar to 4 mW\/cm(2) under rainwater droplets, while retaining over 85 % of its initial output after more than 17,000 droplet impacts. As a proof of concept, using the same CFx layer for both encapsulation and triboelectric functionality, the hybrid PSC\/D-TENG device achieved short-circuit current densities of 11.6 mA\/cm(2) under 0.5 sun illumination and peak voltages of 12 V per raindrop, enabling simultaneous solar and rain energy harvesting. A self-charging prototype powered LED arrays via a custom boost converter, demonstrating practical multisource energy harvesting for low-power electronics.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hybrid energy-harvesting systems that combine perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with drop-driven triboelectric nanogenerators (D-TENGs) offer a compelling solution for continuous power generation under diverse weather conditions. Yet, the inherent vulnerability of halide perovskites to moisture and environmental stressors remains a critical barrier to their widespread deployment. To overcome this bottleneck, we introduce plasma-deposited fluorinated polymers&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":23783,"template":"","autores":[],"grupos_de_investigacion":[142],"revistas":[299],"anos":[879],"class_list":["post-23782","articulos_sci","type-articulos_sci","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","grupos_de_investigacion-nanotecnologia-en-superficies-y-plasma","revistas-nano-energy","anos-879","description-off"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/icmsva.vallealto.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/articulos_sci\/23782","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/icmsva.vallealto.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/articulos_sci"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/icmsva.vallealto.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/articulos_sci"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/icmsva.vallealto.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/articulos_sci\/23782\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23784,"href":"https:\/\/icmsva.vallealto.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/articulos_sci\/23782\/revisions\/23784"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icmsva.vallealto.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/23783"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/icmsva.vallealto.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=23782"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"autores","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icmsva.vallealto.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fautores&post=23782"},{"taxonomy":"grupos_de_investigacion","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icmsva.vallealto.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fgrupos_de_investigacion&post=23782"},{"taxonomy":"revistas","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icmsva.vallealto.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Frevistas&post=23782"},{"taxonomy":"anos","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icmsva.vallealto.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fanos&post=23782"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}